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EIA reports for public comment

These reports are listed currently or were previously listed on the Department of Environmental Affairs ECC Portal http://eia.met.gov.na.

The dates indicate the last date that it was/will be possible to comment on the project on the portal.

You can also track the progress of EIAs in Namibia using the EIA Tracker website on https://eia-tracker.org.na and you can learn more about the EIA process in Namibia here.

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Displaying results 2051 - 2100 of 4275
Monday, 14 November 2022
Environmental Compliance Consultancy (ECC) 2022. 221028000205: The proposed Sandpiper Marine Phosphate Project, within ML 170, Offshore, Namibia.

MINING AND QUARRYING ACTIVITIES (3.1) The construction of facilities for any process or activities which requires a license, right or other form of authorization, and the renewal of a license, right or other form of authorization, in terms of the Minerals (Prospecting and Mining Act), 1992. (3.2) Other forms of mining or extraction of any natural resources whether regulated by law or not.

Monday, 14 November 2022
Red-Dune Consulting 2022. 221018000136: Scoping and Environmental Management Plan for Twyfelfontein Elephant Drives and Safari Camp Site, located at Twyfelfontein Area, Khorixas Constituency, Kunene Region.

For the construction and operation of tourist campsite.

Saturday, 12 November 2022
Excel Dynamic Solutions 2022. 221024000166: Environmental Scoping Assessment (ESA) for the proposed prospecting and exploration activities on Exclusive Prospecting Licence (EPL) No. 7646 located southwest of Arandis in Erongo Region, Namibia.

The Proposed Exploration and Prospecting of Nuclear Fuel Minerals On Exclusive Prospecting Licence (EPL) No. 7646 Located near Arandis, Erongo Region.

Saturday, 12 November 2022
Excel Dynamic Solutions 2022. 221024000162: Environmental Scoping Assessment (ESA) on Exclusive Prospecting Licence (EPL) No. 8084 located south-east of Arandis, Erongo Region  .

The Proposed Exploration and Prospecting of Nuclear Fuel Minerals On Exclusive Prospecting Licence (EPL) No. 8084 Located near Arandis, Erongo Region.

Friday, 11 November 2022
2022. 221027000203: Updated Environmental Management Plan for Environmental Clearance Certificate renewal of Omakolokoto Metals scrap recycling, flame cutting and salvage operations, Walvis Bay.

Omakolokoto Metals is a scrap metals recycling and salvage business with operational activities that entails the following: Activity 2 Waste Management, Treatment, Handling, and disposal activities "2.3: The import, processing, use and recycling, temporary storage, transit or export of waste activities". Activity 9.1: The manufacturing, storage, handling or processing of a hazardous substance defined in the Hazardous Substances Ordinance, 1974.

Thursday, 10 November 2022
Green Earth Environmental Consultants 2022. 221026000191: The materials recovery facility of Rent-A-Drum on Erf 1651, Rundu (Extension 6), Kavango Region.

WASTE MANAGEMENT, TREATMENT, HANDLING AND DISPOSAL ACTIVITIES - The construction of facilities for waste sites, treatment of waste and disposal of waste. - The import, processing, use and recycling, temporary storage, transit or export of waste.

Thursday, 10 November 2022
Green Earth Environmental Consultants 2022. 221026000190: The materials recovery facility of Rent-A-Drum on Erf 4477, Walvis Bay, Erongo Region.

WASTE MANAGEMENT, TREATMENT, HANDLING AND DISPOSAL ACTIVITIES - The construction of facilities for waste sites, treatment of waste and disposal of waste. - The import, processing, use and recycling, temporary storage, transit or export of waste.

Thursday, 10 November 2022
Green Earth Environmental Consultants 2022. 221026000193: The provision of municipal services on Extension 10, Kaisosi, Rundu.

ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION AND STORAGE ACTIVITIES 1. The construction of facilities for - (b) the transmission and supply of electricity. WASTE MANAGEMENT, TREATMENT, HANDLING AND DISPOSAL ACTIVITIES 2.1 The construction of facilities for waste sites, treatment of waste and disposal of waste. 2.2 Any activity entailing a scheduled process referred to in the Atmospheric Pollution Prevention Ordinance, 1976. 2.3 The import, processing, use and recycling, temporary storage, transit or export of waste.

Thursday, 10 November 2022
Green Earth Environmental Consultants 2022. 221026000192: The materials recovery facility of Rent-A-Drum on Erf 1307, Oshakati, Oshana Region.

WASTE MANAGEMENT, TREATMENT, HANDLING AND DISPOSAL ACTIVITIES - The construction of facilities for waste sites, treatment of waste and disposal of waste. - The import, processing, use and recycling, temporary storage, transit or export of waste.

Thursday, 10 November 2022
Environmental Compliance Consultancy (ECC) 2022. 221025000176: The renewal of the Environmental Clearance Certificate for the Matchless Mine, Khomas Region, Namibia.

3.1 The construction of facilities for any process or activities which requires a licence, right or other form of authorisation, and the renewal of a licence, right or other form of authorisation, in terms of the Minerals (Prospecting and Mining Act), 1992. 3.2 Other forms of mining or extraction of any natural resources whether regulated by law or not. 3.3 Resource extraction, manipulation, conservation and related activities.

Thursday, 10 November 2022
Environmental Compliance Consultancy (ECC) 2022. 221025000175: The renewal of the Environmnetal Clearance Certificate for Otjihase Mine, Khomas Region, Namibia.

3.1 The construction of facilities for any process or activities which requires a licence, right or other form of authorisation, and the renewal of a licence, right or other form of authorisation, in terms of the Minerals (Prospecting and Mining Act), 1992. - 3.2 Other forms of mining or extraction of any natural resources whether regulated by law or not. - 3.3 Resource extraction, manipulation, conservation and related activities.

Thursday, 10 November 2022
2022. 221021000147: Renewal of Clearance Certificate for an operating tourism business - Damaraland Camp, Kunene Region.

Renewal of clearance certificate for an operating tourism business.

Thursday, 10 November 2022
Ekwao Consulting 2022. 221017000133: Operation, maintenance and decommissioning of a fuel storage tank, Harapembe Village, Kavango West Region.

An Environmental Management Plan (EMP) to support an application for an Environmental Clearance Certificate (ECC) for the operation, maintenance and decommissioning of an aboveground fuel storage tank erected at a construction camp site along the DR3446, Harapembe Village, Kavango West Region.

Thursday, 10 November 2022
KPM Environmental Consulting 2022. 221026000187: Amendment of Environmental Clearance Certificate (ECC No. 00597) for operations of Tantalite Valley Mine on ML 77 - Phase 1 including Upgrading of existing ore processing facilities and reworking of waste rock dumps outside Warmbad in //Karas Region.

The amendment is required to change ECC 00597 for the Operation of the Tantalite Valley Mine Project on ML 77 - Phase 1 including the Upgrading of existing Ore Processing Facilities and Reworking of Waste Rock Dumps outside Warmbad in //Karas Region to include mining and processing of Lithium Resources. The proponent would like to add Industrial Minerals as well as Dimension Stones on mineral groups on ML 77.

Thursday, 10 November 2022
KPM Environmental Consulting 2022. 221026000186: Renewal of an ECC for the proposed new township establishment, subdivision and consolidation of Erven at Okahandja Town (Okahandja Extension 19) in Otjozondjupa Region.

The ECC is required proposed New Township Establishment, Subdivision and Consolidation of Erven at Okahandja Town (Okahandja Extension 19) in Otjozondjupa Region.

Wednesday, 9 November 2022
Namibia Water Corporation (NamWater) 2022. 221026000185: The renewal of the Environmental Assessment and Management Plan for the continuation of the Kombat Mine Water Supply Scheme and maintenance to infrastructure, Otjozondjupa Region.

The ECC is a renewal for an existing ECC issued for the Water Supply Pipeline Between Kombat Mine and NamWater Reservoir Project in 2019.

Wednesday, 9 November 2022
Namibia Water Corporation (NamWater) 2022. 221026000184: The Renewal of the Environmental Assessment and Management Plan for the continuation of Katji-Na-Katji Interim Solution Project, Kavango West Region.

The application is a renewal for an existing ECC issued for the Katji-Na-Katji Interim Solution Project in 2019.

Wednesday, 9 November 2022
Envirodu Consulting & Training Solutions 2022. 221012000068: Provision of in-water hull cleaning services using the Schomberg Vacu-Cart and Reclamation Filtration System in Walvis Bay, Erongo Region, Namibia.

To undertake in-water hull cleaning operations within the Walvis Port.

Wednesday, 9 November 2022
Enviro-Leap Consulting 2022. Proposed mineral exploration activities on Exclusive Prospecting Licence (EPL 8840) in respect to dimension stone, base and rare metals, industrial minerals, precious metals and nuclear fuel, Erongo Region.

Ms Uanjengua Katjiuanjo (herein referred to as the proponent), is a Namibian citizen with vested interest in mineral exploration and mining development. Ms Katjiuanjo aims at prospecting and eventually developing mining ventures in respect to Dimension Stone, Base and Rare Metals, Industrial Minerals, Precious Metals and Nuclear Fuel. The Exclusive Prospecting License (EPL 8840) is situated approximately 35 km South South-west of the Uis Settlement and extends towards the Dorob National Park within the Tsiseb Communal Conservancy.

Tuesday, 8 November 2022
Trinity Environmental Solutions 2022. 221024000163: Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) for the proposed construction to gravel standard of DR3662 (Tsandi via Eendombe to Iipanda) and DR3682 (Otamanzi to Onaanda) in Omusati Region.

Gravel road construction of DR3682 from Onaanda to Otamanzi (Omusati Region). This road is already a proclaimed road, since the 1990s.

Tuesday, 8 November 2022
Excel Dynamic Solutions 2022. 221024000159: Environmental Scoping Assessment (ESA) on Exclusive Prospecting Licence (EOL) No. 7394 located north-east of Henties Bay in the Daures Constituency, Erongo Region.

The proposed exploration and prospecting of nuclear fuel minerals on Exclusive Prospecting Licence (EPL) No. 7394 located within the Daures Constituency, Erongo Region.

Tuesday, 8 November 2022
Excel Dynamic Solutions 2022. 221024000161: Environmental Scoping Assessment (ESA) for the proposed prospecting and exploration activities on Exclusive Prospecting Licence (EPL) No. 7907 located southwest of Arandis in the Erongo Region, Namibia.

The proposed exploration and prospecting of nuclear fuel minerals on Exclusive Prospecting Licence (EPL) No. 7907 Located near Arandis, Erongo Region.

Tuesday, 8 November 2022
Enviro Dynamics 2022. 221025000173: The Meatco Abattoir and meat processing factory, Sheffield Street, Windhoek.

Renewal of ECC Abattoir, meat processing, canning. See project description in attached Scoping Report.

Monday, 7 November 2022
Centre for Geosciences Research 2022. 221020000143: Storage of hazardous chemicals used for petroleum drilling offshore at Lüderitz Erf 522-Namibia.

To provide temporarily storage and handling of Hazardous chemicals in transit to the client onshore prior to delivery to the offshore services, where drilling chemicals will be required.

Monday, 7 November 2022
Urban Dynamics 2022. 221024000158: Amendment of conditions of establishment at Eheke settlement in the Oshana Region.

The amendment of conditions of establishment, the construction of a public road and the closing of public open space through statutory town planning procedures at Eheke settlement.

Monday, 7 November 2022
Excel Dynamic Solutions 2022. 221021000148: Environmental Scoping Assessment Study for the existing operations and maintenance of a fuel depot and associated infrastructures in Gobabis Town, Omaheke Region.

The existing operations and maintenance of a fuel depot and associated infrastructures in Gobabis Town, Omaheke Region.

Monday, 7 November 2022
SRK Consulting 2022. 221021000149: Environmental Impact Assessment process for the Cleaner Green Hydrogen Demonstration Plant in Walvis Bay, Erongo Region, Namibia.

Cleanergy Solutions Namibia (Pty) Ltd (hereafter referred to as Cleanergy), a Joint Venture between CMB.TECH and Ohlthaver & List (O&L) Group is proposing to construct a 5 Megawatt (MW) Green Hydrogen Demonstration Plant (GHDP) in Walvis Bay, Namibia. The project will also involve the construction of a 5 MWp Photovoltaic Solar (PV) power plant capable of producing green electricity that will be used to power the GHDP.

Friday, 4 November 2022
Impala Environmental Consulting 2022. 221016000121: Environmental Impact Assessment for mineral exploration activities on EPL 8644, Hardap Region.

The applicant intends to explore the project area through non-invasive and invasive methods to determine if viable mineral deposits exist. It is foreseen that the exploration will include field mapping, surveying, literature review (non-invasive), drilling (invasive), trenching (invasive), Sampling, Analysis, Geological Modelling and Resource Estimation (non-invasive) over a period of an initial period of 3 years. The invasive activities would comprise digging of trenches and drilling of surface boreholes spaced from each other.

Friday, 4 November 2022
Impala Environmental Consulting 2022. 221016000120: Environmental Impact Assessment for mineral exploration activities on EPL 8114, Erongo Region.

The applicant intends to explore the project area through non-invasive and invasive methods to determine if viable mineral deposits exist. It is foreseen that the exploration will include field mapping, surveying, literature review (non-invasive), drilling (invasive), trenching (invasive), Sampling, Analysis, Geological Modelling and Resource Estimation (non-invasive) over a period of an initial period of 3 years. The invasive activities would comprise digging of trenches and drilling of surface boreholes spaced from each other.

Friday, 4 November 2022
Impala Environmental Consulting 2022. 221016000119: Environmental Impact Assessment for mineral exploration activities on EPL 8113, Erongo Region.

The applicant intends to explore the project area through non-invasive and invasive methods to determine if viable mineral deposits exist. It is foreseen that the exploration will include field mapping, surveying, literature review (non-invasive), drilling (invasive), trenching (invasive), Sampling, Analysis, Geological Modelling and Resource Estimation (non-invasive) over a period of an initial period of 3 years. The invasive activities would comprise digging of trenches and drilling of surface boreholes spaced from each other.

Friday, 4 November 2022
Impala Environmental Consulting 2022. 221016000117: Environmental Impact Assessment for mineral exploration activities on EPL 8010, Erongo Region.

The applicant intends to explore the project area through non-invasive and invasive methods to determine if viable mineral deposits exist. It is foreseen that the exploration will include field mapping, surveying, literature review (non-invasive), drilling (invasive), trenching (invasive), Sampling, Analysis, Geological Modelling and Resource Estimation (non-invasive) over a period of an initial period of 3 years. The invasive activities would comprise digging of trenches and drilling of surface boreholes spaced from each other.

Friday, 4 November 2022
Impala Environmental Consulting 2022. 221016000102: Environmental Impact Assessment for mineral exploration activities on EPL 7464, Otjozondjupa Region.

The applicant intends to explore the project area through non-invasive and invasive methods to determine if viable mineral deposits exist. It is foreseen that the exploration will include field mapping, surveying, literature review (non-invasive), drilling (invasive), trenching (invasive), Sampling, Analysis, Geological Modelling and Resource Estimation (non-invasive) over a period of an initial period of 3 years. The invasive activities would comprise digging of trenches and drilling of surface boreholes spaced from each other.

Friday, 4 November 2022
Impala Environmental Consulting 2022. 221016000100: Environmental Impact Assessment for mineral exploration activities on EPL 7614, Central Namib.

The applicant intends to explore the project area through non-invasive and invasive methods to determine if viable mineral deposits exist. It is foreseen that the exploration will include field mapping, surveying, literature review (non-invasive), drilling (invasive), trenching (invasive), Sampling, Analysis, Geological Modelling and Resource Estimation (non-invasive) over a period of an initial period of 3 years. The invasive activities would comprise digging of trenches and drilling of surface boreholes spaced from each other.

Friday, 4 November 2022
Impala Environmental Consulting 2022. 221016000099: Environmental Impact Assessment for mineral exploration activities on EPL 7943, Kunene Region.

The applicant intends to explore the project area through non-invasive and invasive methods to determine if viable mineral deposits exist. It is foreseen that the exploration will include field mapping, surveying, literature review (non-invasive), drilling (invasive), trenching (invasive), Sampling, Analysis, Geological Modelling and Resource Estimation (non-invasive) over a period of an initial period of 3 years. The invasive activities would comprise digging of trenches and drilling of surface boreholes spaced from each other.

Friday, 4 November 2022
Impala Environmental Consulting 2022. 221016000098: Environmental Impact Assessment for mineral exploration activities on EPL 8102, Hardap Region.

The applicant intends to explore the project area through non-invasive and invasive methods to determine if viable mineral deposits exist. It is foreseen that the exploration will include field mapping, surveying, literature review (non-invasive), drilling (invasive), trenching (invasive), Sampling, Analysis, Geological Modelling and Resource Estimation (non-invasive) over a period of an initial period of 3 years. The invasive activities would comprise digging of trenches and drilling of surface boreholes spaced from each other.

Friday, 4 November 2022
Impala Environmental Consulting 2022. 221016000097: Environmental Impact Assessment for mineral exploration activities on EPL 7608, Kunene Region.

The applicant intends to explore the project area through non-invasive and invasive methods to determine if viable mineral deposits exist. It is foreseen that the exploration will include field mapping, surveying, literature review (non-invasive), drilling (invasive), trenching (invasive), Sampling, Analysis, Geological Modelling and Resource Estimation (non-invasive) over a period of an initial period of 3 years. The invasive activities would comprise digging of trenches and drilling of surface boreholes spaced from each other.

Friday, 4 November 2022
Impala Environmental Consulting 2022. 221016000096: Environmental Impact Assessment for mineral exploration activities on EPL 8101, Hardap Region.

The applicant intends to explore the project area, EPL 8101, through non-invasive and invasive methods to determine if viable mineral deposits exist. It is foreseen that the exploration will include field mapping, surveying, literature review (non-invasive), drilling (invasive), trenching (invasive), Sampling, Analysis, Geological Modelling and Resource Estimation (non-invasive) over a period of an initial period of 3 years. The invasive activities would comprise digging of trenches and drilling of surface boreholes spaced from each other.

Friday, 4 November 2022
Impala Environmental Consulting 2022. 221016000094: Environmental Impact Assessment for mineral exploration activities on EPL 8130 and 8131, Erongo Region.

The applicant intends to explore the project area, EPLs 8130 and 8131, through non-invasive and invasive methods to determine if viable mineral deposits exist. It is foreseen that the exploration will include field mapping, surveying, literature review (non-invasive), drilling (invasive), trenching (invasive), Sampling, Analysis, Geological Modelling and Resource Estimation (non-invasive) over a period of an initial period of 3 years. The invasive activities would comprise digging of trenches and drilling of surface boreholes spaced from each other.

Friday, 4 November 2022
Impala Environmental Consulting 2022. 221016000093: Environmental Impact Assessment for mineral exploration activities on EPL 8711, Otjozondjupa Region.

The applicant intends to explore the project area, EPL 8711, through non-invasive and invasive methods to determine if viable mineral deposits exist. It is foreseen that the exploration will include field mapping, surveying, literature review (non-invasive), drilling (invasive), trenching (invasive), Sampling, Analysis, Geological Modelling and Resource Estimation (non-invasive) over a period of an initial period of 3 years. The invasive activities would comprise digging of trenches and drilling of surface boreholes spaced from each other.

Friday, 4 November 2022
Green Gain Consultants 2022. 221020000145: Renewal of the Environmental Clearance Certificate for the operation and management of the existing Okahao Oxidation Ponds.

The Okahao Town Council was granted an Environmental Clearance Certificate for the operation and management of the existing wastewater disposal site (Oxidation Ponds) on 18 January 2018 and expired in January 2022. The Town Council has appointed Green Gain Consultants cc to carry out the renewal of the ECC to ensure due diligence and compliance with the Environmental Management Act 07 of 2007 and other relevant legislations. The site has already has a valid Wastewater and Effluent Disposal Exemption permit valid until 2027.

Friday, 4 November 2022
University of Namibia 2022. 221008000024: Environmental Management Plan (EMP) of burrow pits for Karibib Town Council, Erongo Region.

Burrow pits.

Thursday, 3 November 2022
Environam Consultants Trading (ECT) 2022. 221019000141: Application for the renewal of the Environmental Clearance Certificate for Mining Claims 71264 and 71265, Windhoek Rural, Khomas Region.

The proponent has applied for and was issued with an approved Environmental Clearance Certificate in 2019, this ECC will lapse in November 2022. The proponent appointed Environam Consultants Trading cc (ECT) to undertake the process of applying for the renewal of the ECC for the activity from the Office of the Environmental Commissioner in the Ministry of Environment, Forestry and Tourism (MEFT). The process will be undertaken in terms of the gazetted Namibian Government Notice No.

Thursday, 3 November 2022
Environam Consultants Trading (ECT) 2022. 221019000142: Proposed amendments and renewal of ECC for EPL 4055, Windhoek Rural, Khomas Region.

The applications involves the change of name of the applicant from Craton Mining and Exploration (Pty) Ltd into Hartmann Geoservices, because the EPL 4055 has now been transferred into the name of Hartmann Geoservices. The application also deals with the renewal of the Environmental Clearance Certificate. The site remains the same and no additional activities are envisaged.

Wednesday, 2 November 2022
Red-Dune Consulting 2022. 221018000135: Scoping and Environmental Management Plan for the closure and subdivision of Erven 1204 and 1205 at Extension 4 Okahao, Omusati Region.

For Rezoning of Ervens from public open space to mixed use.

Wednesday, 2 November 2022
Envirodu Consulting & Training Solutions 2022. 221012000069: Construction and operation of a private air-strip for leisure aircraft (non-military) operations at Brandberg White Lady Lodge, Daures Constituency, Erongo Region, Namibia .

To construct and operate a private air-strip for leisure aircraft (non-military) operations at Brandberg White Lady Lodge.

Wednesday, 2 November 2022
Enviro-Leap Consulting 2022. 221017000125: Environmental Scoping and Management Plan for the proposed exploration activities on Exclusive Prospecting License (EPL 6509) in respect to base and rare metals, dimension stone, industrial minerals, non-nuclear fuel mineral and precious metals, and precious stones.

Environmental Scoping and Management Plan for the proposed exploration activities on Exclusive Prospecting License (EPL 6509) in respect to base and rare metals, dimension stone, industrial minerals, non-nuclear fuel mineral and precious metals, and precious stones.

Wednesday, 2 November 2022
Impala Environmental Consulting 2022. 221016000122: Environmental Impact Assessment for mineral exploration activities on EPL 8645, Hardap Region.

The applicant intends to explore the project area through non-invasive and invasive methods to determine if viable mineral deposits exist. It is foreseen that the exploration will include field mapping, surveying, literature review (non-invasive), drilling (invasive), trenching (invasive), Sampling, Analysis, Geological Modelling and Resource Estimation (non-invasive) over a period of an initial period of 3 years. The invasive activities would comprise digging of trenches and drilling of surface boreholes spaced from each other.

Wednesday, 2 November 2022
Impala Environmental Consulting 2022. 221016000118: Environmental Impact Assessment for mineral mxploration activities on EPL 8635, Otjozondjupa Region.

The applicant intends to explore the project area through non-invasive and invasive methods to determine if viable mineral deposits exist. It is foreseen that the exploration will include field mapping, surveying, literature review (non-invasive), drilling (invasive), trenching (invasive), Sampling, Analysis, Geological Modelling and Resource Estimation (non-invasive) over a period of an initial period of 3 years. The invasive activities would comprise digging of trenches and drilling of surface boreholes spaced from each other.

Wednesday, 2 November 2022
Impala Environmental Consulting 2022. 221016000116: Renewal of an Environmental Clearance Certificate for mineral exploration on EPL 4663.

The applicant intends to continue to explore the project area through non-invasive and invasive methods to determine if viable mineral deposits exist. It is foreseen that the exploration will include field mapping, surveying, literature review (non-invasive), drilling (invasive), trenching (invasive), Sampling, Analysis, Geological Modelling and Resource Estimation (non-invasive) over a period of an initial period of 3 years. The invasive activities would comprise digging of trenches and drilling of surface boreholes spaced from each other.

Attachment Size
116_SR_EPL 4663.pdf 2.41 MB
116_EMP_EPL 4663.pdf 1.92 MB
116_Map_EPL 4663.pdf 629.69 KB
Wednesday, 2 November 2022
Impala Environmental Consulting 2022. 221016000114: Environmental Impact Assessment for mineral exploration activities on EPL 7079, Kunene Region.

The applicant intends to explore the project area through non-invasive and invasive methods to determine if viable mineral deposits exist. It is foreseen that the exploration will include field mapping, surveying, literature review (non-invasive), drilling (invasive), trenching (invasive), Sampling, Analysis, Geological Modelling and Resource Estimation (non-invasive) over a period of an initial period of 3 years. The invasive activities would comprise digging of trenches and drilling of surface boreholes spaced from each other.

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