delta | Environmental Information Service Namibia: eLibrary

A delta is a vast, fan-shaped creation of land, or low-lying plain, formed from successive layers of sediment washed from uplands to the mouth of some rivers, such as the Nile, the Mississippi and the Ganges. The nutrient-rich sediment is deposited by rivers at the point where, or before which, the river flows into the sea. Deltas are formed when rivers supply and deposit sediments more quickly that they can be removed by waves of ocean currents. The importance of deltas was first discovered by prehistoric man, who was attracted to them because of their abundant animal and plant life. Connecting waterways through the deltas later provided natural routes for navigation and trade, and opened up access to the interior. Deltas are highly fertile and often highly populated areas. They would be under serious threat of flooding from any sea-level rise. (Source: WRIGHT)

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Anderson RFJ 1976. Weather of the Okavango Delta. Proceedings of the Symposium on the Okavango Delta and its future utilization 29-31

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Weather of the Okavango Delta_1976.pdf	3.42 MB

Cooke HJ 1976. The paleogeography of the middle Kalahari of northern Botswana and adjacent areas. Proceedings of the Symposium on the Okavango Delta and its future utilization 20

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The paleogeography of the middle Kalahari of northern Botswana and adjacent areas_1976.pdf	5.57 MB

Thompson K 1976. The Okavango Delta and its future utilisation: An attempt at a synthesis of the proceedings. Proceedings of the Symposium on the Okavango Delta and its future utilization

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The Okavango Delta and its future utilisation_An attempt at a synthesis of the proceedings_1976.pdf	7.28 MB

Masire QKJ 1976. Opening speech. Okavango Delta Symposium. Proceedings of the Symposium on the Okavango Delta and its future utilization 1-2

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Opening speech_Okavango Delta Symposium_1976.pdf	3.63 MB

Botswana Society 1976. Opening pages. Okavango Delta Symposium. Proceedings of the Symposium on the Okavango Delta and its future utilization i - ix

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Opening pages_Okavango Delta Symposium_1976.pdf	1.9 MB

Shaw PA 1983. A historical note on the outflows of the Okavango Delta System. Botswana Notes and Records 16 127 - 130

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A historical note on the outflows of the Okavango Delta System.pdf	545.6 KB

Sefe FTK 1996. A study of the stage-discharge relationship of Okavango River at Mohembo, Botswana. Hydrological Sciences Journal 41 (1) 97 - 116

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A study of the stage_discharge relationship of Okavango River at Mohembo_1996.pdf	2.31 MB

Sefe FTK 1998. How much water comes into the Okavango Delta system? A study of the discharge gauging data for the Okavango River at Mohembo.

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How much water comes into the Okavango Delta system.pdf	2.38 MB

Reavel PE, Lee RE, White RE 1973. Okavango hydrobiological project, first yearly report, 1972-1973.

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Okavango hydrobiological project_first yearly report_1972_1973.pdf	10.31 MB

Porter JW, Muzila IL 1988. Aspects of swamp hydrology in the Okavango. Botswana Notes and Records 21 73-91

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Portermuzila_1988.pdf	1.32 MB

Website link:http://www.jstor.org/stable/40979840

Warmeant P 1997. Review of water chemistry and water quality in the Okavango Delta.

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Review of water chemistry and water quality in the Okavango Delta.pdf	364.56 KB

Murray M 1997. Fauna of the Okavango River Basin, Botswana sector.

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Fauna of the Okavango River Basin_Botswana sector.pdf	2.12 MB

Cassidy L 1997. The human environment, Botswana Sector.

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The human environment_Botswana Sector.pdf	1.29 MB

Mosepele K 2002. Trends in fisheries development and fish utilization in the Okavango Delta. Water and Ecosystem Resources in Regional Development: Balancing Societal Needs and Wants and natural Resources Systems Sustainability in International River Basins.

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Trends in Fisheries Development and Fish Utilization in the Okavango Delta.pdf	564.29 KB

McCarthy TS, Cooper GRJ, Tyson PD, Ellery WN 2000. Seasonal flooding in the Okavango Delta, Botswana - recent history and future prospects. South Africa Journal of Science 96 25 - 28

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Seasonal flooding in the Okavango Delta_recent history and future prospects.pdf	417.21 KB

Mbaiwa JE 2002. The socio-economic and environmental impact of tourism development in the Okavango Delta, Botswana.

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The socio_economic and environmental impact of tourism development in the Okavango Delta.pdf	6.22 MB

Kgathi DL, Mmopelwa G, Mosepele K 2003. Assessing natural resources scarcity in the Okavango Delta: Case studies of key resources.

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Assessing natural resources scarcity in the Okavango Delta_2003.pdf	409.97 KB

Kgathi DL 2002. Natural Resources Tenure and Access in the Okavango Delta. Water and Ecosystem Resources in Regional Development: Balancing Societal Needs and Wants and Natural Resources Systems Sustainability in International River Basins.

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Natural Resources Tenure and Access in the Okavango Delta_Kgathi_2002.pdf	461.02 KB

Gumbricht T 2000. Portraying and modeling of the Okavango Delta, Botswana.

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Portraying and modeling of the Okavango Delta.pdf	161.37 KB

Gumbricht T, McCarthy J, McCarthy TS 2000. Portraying the geophysiology of the Okavango Delta, Botswana.

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Portraying the geophysiology of the Okavango Delta_Botswana.pdf	220.06 KB

Gieske A Influence of shallow groundwater levels on outflow from the Okavango Delta, Botswana.

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Influence of shallow groundwater levels on outflow from the Okavango Delta.pdf	441.86 KB

Gieske A 1996. Vegetation driven groundwater recharge below Okavango Delta, Botswana as a solute sink mechanism - an indicative model. Botswana Journal of Earth Science 3 33 - 37

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Vegetation driven groundwater recharge below Okavango Delta.pdf	336.23 KB

Gieske A, Obakeng O 1997. Modelling outflow from the Jao/Boro River system in the Okavango Delta, Botswana. Journal of Hydrology 193 214 - 239

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Modelling outflow from the Jao_Boro River system in the Okavango Delta.pdf	4.33 MB

Cronberg G, Gieske A, Martins E, Mengu JP, Stenstrom I-M 1995. Hydrobiological studies of the Okavango Delta and Kwando /Lenyanti /Chobe River, Botswana, I surface water quality analysis. Botswana Notes and Records 27 151 - 226

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Hydrobiological studies of the Okavango Delta and Kwando.pdf	6.13 MB

Cassidy L 2003. Anthropogenic burning in the Okavango Panhandle of Botswana: Livelihood and spatial dimensions.

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Anthropogenic burning in the Okavango Panhandle of Botswana_2003.pdf	4.63 MB

Sefe FTK 1998. Climate and water resources (Botswana sector).

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Climate and water resources_Botswana sector_1988.pdf	6.34 MB

Brind WG 1953. The Okavango Delta. Report on the 1951-1953 field surveys.

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Brind.pdf	10.78 MB

Bock J 1998. Economic development and cultural change among the Okavango Delta peoples of Botswana. Botswana notes and records 30 27 - 44

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Economic development and cultural change among the Okavango Delta peoples of Botswana_1998.pdf	143.23 KB

Bendsen H 2002. The dynamics of the land use systems in Ngamiland: Changing livelihood options and strategies.

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The dynamics of the land use systems in Ngamiland_2002.pdf	1.28 MB

Smith AC, Shacks VA 2014. Mercury contamination of the Nile Crocodile (Crocodylus niloticus) in the Okavango Delta, Botswana: A baseline for the assessment of future threats.

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Mercury contamination of the Nile Crocodile in the Okavango Delta_Botswana.pdf	1.52 MB

Matengu B, Xu Y, Tordiffe E 2019. Hydrogeological characteristics of the Omaruru Delta Aquifer System in Namibia. Hydrogeology Journal 27 857-883

Website link:https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10040-018-1913-0

Humphries MS, Benitez-Nelson CR, Bizimis M, Ralph TJ, Larkin ZT, McCarthy TS 2020. Dust provenance and its role as a potential fertilizing agent for the Okavango Delta, Botswana. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 45 (8) 1705-1716

Website link:https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/esp.4840

Mogomotsi PK, Mogomots GEJ, Dipogiso K, Phonchi-Tshekiso ND, Stone LS, Badimo D 2020. An analysis of communities' attitudes toward wildlife and implications for wildlife sustainability. Tropical Conservation Science 13 1-9

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An analysis of communities attitudes toward wildlife and implications for wildlife sustainability.pdf	677.73 KB

Cozzi G, Behr DM, Webster HS, Claase M, Bryce CB, Modise B, McNutt JW, Ozgul A 2020. African wild dog dispersal and implications for management. The Journal of Wildlife Management 84 (4) 614-621

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African wild dog dispersal and implications for management.pdf	865.37 KB

Neuenschwander AL 2007. Remote sensing of vegetation dynamics in response to flooding and fire in the Okavango Delta, Botswana.

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Remote sensing of vegetation dynamics in response to flooding and fire in the Okavango Delta_Botswana.pdf	21.55 MB

Stollhofen H, Stanistreet IG, von Hagke C, Nguno A 2014. Pliocene-Pleistocene climate change, sea level and uplift history recorded by the Horingbaai fan-delta, NW Namibia. Sedimentary Geology 309 15-32

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Pliocene_Pleistocene climate change_sea level and uplift history recorded by the Horingbaai fan_delta.pdf	8.9 MB

Mendelsohn J, Murray-Hudson M, Thomson GC 2021. A river in trouble. Conservation and the Environment in Namibia (2021) 26-33

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A river in trouble.pdf	2.4 MB

Ashton P 2000. Potential environmental impacts associated with the proposed abstraction of water from the Okavango River in Namibia. African Journal of Aquatic Science 25 (1) 175-182

Website link:https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.2989/160859100780177776

Ramberg L, Bendsen H, Oberthür FW, Mfundisi K 2007. Research and Monitoring Action Plan for the Okavango Delta Management Plan (ODMP), Research and Data Management Component.

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Research and Monitoring Action Plan - 2007.pdf	572.44 KB

Mmopelwa G, Blignaut JN 2009. Direct use values of selected vegetation resources in the Okavango Delta Wetland. Sajems NS 12 2

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Direct use values of selected vegetation resources in the Okavango Delta Wetland.pdf	525.46 KB

Ross K Stakeholder Consultation in the Okavango Delta, Botswana.

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Stakeholder Consultation in the Okavango Delta.pdf	2.61 MB

Appendix 2: Sites of high protection value for birds in the Okavango Delta Ramsar Site. Birdlife Botswana, Baseline Survey of the Slaty Egret.

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Sites_of_high_protection_value_for_birds_in_the_Okavango_delta_ramsar_site.pdf	428.23 KB

Wolski P, Murray-Hudson M 2005. Flooding dynamics in a large low-gradient alluvial fan, the Okavango Delta, Botswana, from analysis and interpretation of a 30-year hydrometric record. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 2 1865-1892

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Flooding dynamics in a large low_gradient alluvial fan_ the Okavango Delta.pdf	1.15 MB

Heinl M 2001. Fire and its effects on vegetation in the Okavango Delta, Botswana.

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Fire and its effects on vegetation in the Okavango Delta.pdf	3.87 MB

Wolski P, Murray-Hudson M 2007. Detection and causal factors of change in flood distribution in the Okavango Delta, Botswana.

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Detection and causal factors of change in flood distribution in the Okavango Delta.pdf	1.37 MB

Murray-Hudson M 2009. Floodplain vegetation responses to flood regime in the seasonal Okavango Delta, Botswana.

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Floodplain vegetation responses.pdf	1.54 MB

Merron GS 1991. The ecology and management of the fishes of the Okavango Delta, Botswana, with particular reference to the role of the seasonal floods.

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The_Ecology_and_Management_of_the_Fishes_of_the_Okavango_Delta.pdf	13.69 MB

Masamba WRL 2008. Water Quality Monitoring: The Panhandle.

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Water_Quality_Monitoring_the_panhamndle_by_W.R.L._Masamba.pdf	673.13 KB

Stachel T, Lorenz V, Stanistreet IG 1994. Gross Brukkaros (Namibia) - an enigmatic crater-fill reinterpreted as due to Cretaceous caldera evolution. Bulletin of Volcanology 56 386-397

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Gross Brukkaros_an enigmatic crater_fill reinterpreted as due to Cretaceous caldera evolution.pdf	2.61 MB

Mosepele K Water and Ecosystem Resources in Regional Development: Balancing societal needs and wants and natural resources systems sustainability in international river basins.

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Water_and_Ecosystem_Resources_in_Regional_Development.pdf	1.66 MB