This paper describes the traditional land use systems in and around the Okavango Delta in terms of their spatial coverage, job and income generation potential. It outlines which natural and socio-economic factors determine the selection of certain resource use choices. To understand the dynamics of the resource use pattern, and the factors which are the drivers of change is a prerequisite for planners and decision makers to be able to come up with zoning recommendations, design management plans and determine levels of use and introduce effective control mechanisms to ensure sustainability and protection of the natural resources.