delta | Environmental Information Service Namibia: eLibrary

A delta is a vast, fan-shaped creation of land, or low-lying plain, formed from successive layers of sediment washed from uplands to the mouth of some rivers, such as the Nile, the Mississippi and the Ganges. The nutrient-rich sediment is deposited by rivers at the point where, or before which, the river flows into the sea. Deltas are formed when rivers supply and deposit sediments more quickly that they can be removed by waves of ocean currents. The importance of deltas was first discovered by prehistoric man, who was attracted to them because of their abundant animal and plant life. Connecting waterways through the deltas later provided natural routes for navigation and trade, and opened up access to the interior. Deltas are highly fertile and often highly populated areas. They would be under serious threat of flooding from any sea-level rise. (Source: WRIGHT)

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Masamba WRL, Mapila H, Ringrose S, Wolski P 2008. Hydrological, geomorphological and geochemical processes in the Okavango Delta : water resource management implications. Proceedings of the second IASTED Africa Conference on Water Resource Management (Africa WRM 2008), September 8-10, 2008 240-245

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Hydrological_geomorphological_and_geochemical_processes_in_the_Okavango_Delta.pdf	435.43 KB

Bendsen H 2004. Hot spots identified by the traditional land users to be addressed by the ODMP.

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Hot_Spots_Identified_by_the_Traditional_Land_Users_to_be_Addressed_by_the_ODMP_by_Hannelore_Bendsen_April_2004.pdf	1.58 MB

Gumbricht T, McCarthy TS 2003. Hierarchical processes and patterns sustaining the Okavango: An integrated perspective for policy and management. Environmental Monitoring of Tropical and Subtropical Wetlands 181-196

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Hierarchical_processes_and_patterns_sustaining_the_Okavango.pdf	741.74 KB

Engstrand-Neacsu V 2014. Mission - Saving the Okavango Delta. Waterfront 02-Jul

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Kavango delta story in Stockholm international newsletter.pdf	1.24 MB

van Wilgen BW, de Klerk HM, Stellmes M, Archibald S 2022. An analysis of the recent fire regimes in the Angolan catchment of the Okavango Delta, Central Africa. Fire Ecology 18 (13)

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An analysis of the recent fire regimes in the Angolan catchment of the Okavango Delta_Central Africa.pdf	3.31 MB

2003. A rapid biological assessment of the aquatic ecosystems of the Okavango Delta, Botswana: High Water Survey.

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RAP-Botswana.pdf	4.85 MB

2005. Building Local Capacity for Conservation and Sustainable Use of Biodiversity in the Okavango Delta.

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12-13-05 2028 BOT Wetlands newest prodoc 2Dec05.doc	1.84 MB

van der Post C 2005. Early maps of Ngamiland and the Okavango Delta. Botswana Notes and Records 37 196-207

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Early_Maps_of_Ngamiland_and_the_Okavango_Delta_by_Cornelis_VanderPost.pdf	708.93 KB

Website link:http://www.jstor.org/stable/40980413

Hasler R 2000. The Okavango Delta and the 'end of progress': global transformation and community-based wildlife management. Botswana Notes and Records 31

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The Okavango Delta and the end of progress.pdf	604.96 KB

Hasler R 2001. The hydro-politics of the Okavango Delta: property rights and the management implications of competing land and water use strategies. Botswana Notes and Records 32

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The hydro_politics of the Okavango Delta.pdf	745.58 KB

Mosepele K, Mosepele B 2005. An Analysis of Spatial and Temporal Variations in the Okavango Delta Fishery: Towards the Development of a Fisheries Management Plan. Botswana Notes and Records 37

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An Analysis of Spatial and Temporal Variations in the Okavango Delta Fishery.pdf	760.9 KB

Hay CJ, van Zyl BJ, Steyn GJ 1997. Ecology of Synodontis nigromaculatus (Pisces: Mochokidae) from the Okavango River, Namibia. Journal of African Zoology 111 (5) 355-363

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Ecology_of_Synodontis_nigromaculatus_(Pisces,_Mochokidae)_from_the_Okavango_River,_Namibia.pdf	607.53 KB

Hamandawana H 2008. Monitoring transitions in vegetation cover to detect long-term trends in ground water resources. 2008 UNESCO UCI Groundwater Conference Proceedings

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Monitoring transitions in vegetation cover to detect long-term trends in groundwater resources.pdf	905.47 KB

Mosepele K 2008. Flood pulse in a subtropical floodplain fishery and the consequences for steady state management.. Proceedings of the second IASTED Africa conference Water Resource Management (Africa WRM 2008)

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Flood_Pulse_in_a_Subtropical_Foodplain_Fishery.pdf	585.43 KB

Hocutt CH, Johnson PN 2001. Fish response to the annual flooding regime in the Kavango River along the Angola/Namibia border. African Journal of Marine Science 23 449-464

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Fish response to the annual flooding regime in the Kavango River along the Angola_Namibia border.pdf	190.27 KB

Bauer P, Thabeng G, Stauffer F, Kinzelbach W 2004. Estimation of the evapotranspiration rate from diurnal groundwater level fluctuations in the Okavango Delta, Botswana. Journal of Hydrology 288 (3-4) 344-355

Website link:https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0022169403004293

Wolski P, Savenije HHG 2005. Dynamics of floodplain-island groundwater flow in the Okavango Delta, Botswana. Journal of Hydrology

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Dynamics of floodplain_island groundwater flow in the Okavnago Delta.pdf	379.65 KB

Datla A, Schmeier S, Cuadrado-Quesada G, Mothobi R 2023. Echoes of the Okavango Delta - Does the voice of the people matter?. Water Alternatives 16 (3) 821-848

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Echoes of the Okavango Delta_Does the Voice of the People Matter.pdf	783.73 KB

2001. Okavango River Panhandle Management Plan.

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Okavango_River_Panhandle_Management_Plan_Prepared_For_Tawana_Land_Board_by_NRP_June_1st_2001.pdf	7.1 MB

Turton AR 1999. Sea of sand, land of water: A synopsis of some strategic developmental issues confronting the Okavango delta.

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A synopsis of some strategic developmental issues confronting the Okavango delta.pdf	298.51 KB

Alheit D Report for Conservation International on the Source to Sand Expedition that followed the annual flooding of the Okavango River from ist source in Angola through Namibia and to Botswana's Delta during May-August 1997.

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Report_for_Conservation_International_on_the_Source_to_Sand_Expedition_1997.pdf	2.7 MB

Crerar S 1997. Appendix A: Initial Environmental Evaluation. Specialist Report on: The Hydrology of the Okavango River System Upstream of the Okavango Delta.

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The Hydrology of the Okavango River System Upstream of the Okavango Delta_1997.pdf	1.69 MB

Wolski P, Ramberg L, Magole L, Mazvimavi D 2009. Evolution of River Basin Management in the Okavango System, Southern Africa. Handbook of Catchment Management

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Evolution of River Basin Management in the Okavango System_Southern Africa_2009.pdf	668.05 KB

Website link:http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/9781444307672.ch21/summary

2003. Community natural resources of Bugakhawe and //Anikhwe in the Okavango Panhandle in Botswana.

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Community_Natural_Resources_of_Bugakhwe_and_Anikhwe_in_the_Okavango_Panhandle_in_Botswana.pdf	6.66 MB

2004. Environmental Monitoring of Tsetse Fly Spraying Impacts in the Okavango Delta – 2002, Final Report.

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Environmental Monitoring of Tsetse Fly Spraying Impacts in the Okavango Delta 2_2002.pdf	3.54 MB

2004. Environmental Recovery Monitoring of Tsetse Fly Spraying Impacts in the Okavango Delta – 2003, Final Report.

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Environmental Monitoring of Tsetse Fly Spraying Impacts in the Okavango Delta_2004.pdf	2.85 MB

Ngwenya BN, Mosepele K 2008. Socio-economic Survey of Subsistence Fishing in the Okavango Delta, Botswana.

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Socio_economic Survey of Subsistence Fishing in the Okavango Delta.pdf	3.93 MB

The Permanent Okavango River Basin Water Commission 2011. Cubango-Okavango River Basin Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis.

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Cubango_Okavango River Basin Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis_2011.pdf	11.18 MB

Porto JG, Clover J 2003. Chapter 3: The peace dividend in Angola: Strategic implications for Okavango basin cooperation. Transboundary rivers, sovereignty and development: Hydropolitical Drivers in the Okavango River basin 65-81

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The peace dividend in Angola.pdf	110.82 KB

Turton A 2003. Chapter 4: The hydropolitical dynamics of cooperation in Southern Africa: A strategic perspective on institutional development in international river basins. Transboundary rivers, sovereignty and development: Hydropolitical Drivers in the Okavango River basin 83-103

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Institutional development in international river basins_2003.pdf	59.88 KB

Nicol A 2003. Chapter 8: The dynamics of river basin cooperation: The Nile and Okavango basins. Transboundary rivers, sovereignty and development: Hydropolitical Drivers in the Okavango River basin 167-186

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The Nile and Okavango basins.pdf	51.73 KB

Turton AR, Ashton P, Cloete E 2003. Chapter 1: An introduction to the hydropolitical drivers in the Okavango River basin. Transboundary rivers, sovereignty and development: Hydropolitical Drivers in the Okavango River basin 9-30

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hydropolitical drivers in the Okavango River basin.pdf	133.02 KB

Pinheiro I, Gabaake G, Heyns P 2003. Chapter 5: Cooperation in the Okavango river basin: The OKACOM perspective. Transboundary rivers, sovereignty and development: Hydropolitical Drivers in the Okavango River basin 105-118

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Cooperation in the Okavango river basin.pdf	140.46 KB

Hennessy J, Hennessy G 1997. Appendix N: Initial Environmental Evaluation. Specialist Report on: Land and Resource Use along the Okavango River System in Namibia and in the Okavango Delta in Botswana.

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Land and resource use along the Okavango River_1997.pdf	1.61 MB

2007. Okavango Delta Management Plan: Component 5: Wildlife Management - Human Elephant Conflict.

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Natural resources and people ODMP HEC final report revised.pdf	1.09 MB

Turpie J, Barnes J, Arntzen J, Nherera B, Lange G-M, Buzwani B 2006. Economic value of the Okavango Delta, Botswana, and implications for Management.

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jwwREPDelta Okavango Delta Valuation Study FINAL REPORT.pdf	3.76 MB

Bock J, Johnson SE 1997. The Okavango Delta Peoples of Botswana. Cultural Overview.

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The Okavango Delta People of Botswana_Johnson.pdf	961.74 KB

Ramberg L, Hancock P, Lindholm M, Archibald TJ, Ringrose S, Sliva J, Van As J, Vanderpost C 2006. Species diversity of the Okavango Delta, Botswana. Aquatic Sciences 68 310-337

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Species diversity of the Okavango Delta_ Botswana_2006.pdf	768.39 KB

Wolski P, Murray-Hudson M 2005. Simulations of effects of development and climate change scenarios on hydro-ecology of the Okavango Delta.

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Wolski_effects of development and climate change scenarios on hydro-ecology of the Okavango Delta2005.pdf	2.14 MB

Burg V 2007. Climate change affecting the Okavango Delta.

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Burg_Climatic change Okavango_2007 thesis.pdf	4.66 MB

Mamili National Park - Profile.

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Mamili Park Profile.pdf	156.7 KB

Khaudum National Park.

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Khaudum National Park.pdf	1.49 MB

Turpie J, Barnes J, Arntzen J, Nherera B, Lange G-M, Buzwani B 2006. Economic value of the Okavango Delta, Botswana, and implications for management.

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Okavango Delta Valuation Study.pdf	3.76 MB

Clark BM, Tunley K 2010. Scoping a ridge to reef approach: Impacts of the Orange-Senqu River Basin on the Benguela Current large marine ecosystem.

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Orange-Senqu Estuary Concept Paper-2.pdf	687.53 KB

Andersson J 2006. Land cover change in the Okavango River Basin.

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Jafet Andersson MSc_thesis.pdf	4.86 MB

2005. Okavango Delta Management Plan: Hydrology and Water Resources.

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Integrated hydrological model report.pdf	2.42 MB

2005. Okavango Delta Management Plan: Hydrology and Water Resources.

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Hydrological scenarios for ODMP report.pdf	3.17 MB

Goudie A 2005. The drainage of Africa since the Cretaceous. Geomorphology 67 437 - 456

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The drainage of Africa since the Cretaceous_2005.pdf	1.37 MB

2004. Numbers of animals of different species in the Okavango Delta during the dry and wet seasons of 1992, 1994, 1996 (only dry season), 1999 and 2001.

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Delta wildlife populations.xls	20.5 KB

2004. Monthly water volume in millions of cubic metres recorded at Mohembo 1933-2002.

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Water monthly flow at Mohembo1933-2002.xls	33.5 KB