climatic change

The long-term fluctuations in temperature, precipitation, wind, and all other aspects of the Earth's climate. External processes, such as solar-irradiance variations, variations of the Earth's orbital parameters (eccentricity, precession, and inclination), lithosphere motions, and volcanic activity, are factors in climatic variation. Internal variations of the climate system, e.g., changes in the abundance of greenhouse gases, also may produce fluctuations of sufficient magnitude and variability to explain observed climate change through the feedback processes interrelating the components of the climate system. (Source: GSFC)



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Allen CD 2009. Climate-induced forest dieback: An escalating global phenomenon?. Unasylva 231 - 232 (60) 43 - 49
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Climate-induced forest dieback_An escalating global phenomenon.pdf 342.27 KB
Schefuß E, Kuhlmann H, Mollenhauer G, Prange M, Pätzold J 2011. Forcing of wet phases in southeast Africa over the past 17,000 years. Nature 480 509 - 512
Thuiller W, Albert C, Araujo MB, Berry PM, Cabeza M, Guisan A, Hickler T, Midgley GF, Paterson J, Schurr FM, Sykes MT, Zimmermann NE 2008. Predicting global change impacts on plant species-distributions: Future challenges. Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics 9 (3 - 4) 137 - 152
Shi N, Dupont LM, Beug H-J, Schneider R 1998. Vegetation and climate changes during the last 21 000 years in S.W. Africa based on a marine pollen record. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany 7 127 - 140
Todd MC, Andersson L, Hughes DA, Kniveton D, Layberry R, Murray-Hudson M, Savenije HHG, Wilk J, Wolski P 2008. Simulating Climate Impacts on Water Resources: Experience from the Okavango River, Southern Africa. Water Science and Technology Library 63 (3) 243 - 265
Hassler SK, Kreyling J, Beierkuhnlein C, Eisold J, Samimi C, Wagenseil H, Jentsch A 2010. Vegetation pattern divergence between dry and wet season in a semiarid savanna - Spatio-temporal dynamics of plant diversity in northwest Namibia. Journal of Arid Environments 74 (11) 1516 - 1524
Colditz RR, Keil M, Strohbach B, Geßner U, Schmidt M, Dech S 2007. Vegetation structure mapping with remote sensing time series: Capabilities and improvements. 2007
Alexander W 2007. Climate Change in Disarray - An African Perspective. Frontier Backgrounder 51 1 - 5
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Climate Change in Disarray_An African Perspective.pdf 349.1 KB
O'Farrell PJ, Reyers B, le Maitre DC, Milton SJ, Egoh B, Maherry A, Colvin C, Atkinson D, de Lange W, Blignaut JN 2010. Multi-functional landscapes in semi arid environments: Implications for biodiversity and ecosystem services. Landscape Ecology 25 1231 - 1246
Holmgren K, Lee-Thorp JA, Cooper GRJ, Lundblad K, Partridge TC, Scott L, Sithaldeen R, Talma AS, Tyson PD 2003. Persistent millennial-scale climatic variability over the past 25,000 years in Southern Africa. Quaternary Science Reviews 22 (21 - 22) 2311 - 2326
Jeltsch F, Blaum N, Classen N, Eschenbach A, Grohmann C, Gröngröft A, Joubert DF, Horn A, Lohmann D, Linsenmair KE, Lück-Vogel M, Medinski TV, Meyfarth S, Mills A, Petersen A, Popp A, Poschlod P, Reisch C, Rossmanith E, Rubilar H, Wesuls D, Wichmann M, Wieczorek M, Zimmermann I 2010. Impacts of landuse and climate change on the dynamics and biodiversity in the Thornbush Savanna Biome. Biodiversity in southern Africa 3 33-74
Thuiller W, Midgley GF, Hughes GO, Bomharb B, Drew G, Rutherford MC, Woodward FI 2006. Endemic species and ecosystem sensitivity to climate change in Namibia. Global Change Biology 12 (5) 759 - 776
Miller RMcG 2014. Evidence for the evolution of the Kalahari dunes from the Auob River, southeastern Namibia. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa 69 (3) 195-204
Cunningham S, Madden C, Barnard P, Amar A 2006. Electric crows: power lines, climate change and the emergence of a native invader. Diversity and Distributions 22 17-29
Downs C, Harebottle D, Dodman T, Ndiaye A, Barnard P, Huntley B, Ogada D, Botha A, Ng'weno F 2014. Birds in a Changing Environment: Report on the 13th Pan-African Ornithological Congress in Arusha, Tanzania. Ostrich: Journal of African Ornithology 85 (1)
McClean CJ, Doswald N, Küper W, Sommer JH, Barnard P, Lovett JC 2006. Potential impacts of climate change on Sub-Saharan African plant priority area selection. Diversity and Distributions 12 645-655
Tarnita CE, Bonachela JA, Sheffer E, Guyton JA, Coverdale TC, Long RA, Pringle RM 2017. A theoretical foundation for multi-scale regular vegetation patterns. Nature 541 398-401
Chase BM, Meadows ME, Scott L, Thomas DSG, Marais E, Sealy J, Reimer PJ 2009. A record of rapid Holocene climate change preserved in hyrax middens from southwestern Africa. Geology 37 (8) 703-706
Ward JD 1984. A reappraisal of the cenozoic stratigraphy in the Kuiseb valley of the central Namib desert. Proceedings of an International Symposium by the South African Society for Quaternary Research. Late Cainozoic palaeoclimates of the Southern Hemisphere 455-464
Hoetzel S, Dupont LM, Wefer G 2015. Miocene–Pliocene vegetation change in south-western Africa (ODP Site 1081, offshore Namibia). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 423 102-108
Lim S, Chase BM, Chevalier M, Reimer PJ 2016. 50,000 years of vegetation and climate change in the southern Namib Desert, Pella, South Africa. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 451 197-209
Jack SL, Hoffman MT, Rohde RF, Durbach I 2016. Climate change sentinel or false prophet? The case of Aloe dichotoma. Diversity and Distributions 1-13
Wayland EJ, Denbow J 1981. Past climates and present groundwater supplies in the Bechuanaland Protectorate. Botswana Notes and Records 13 13-18
Campbell A, Child G 1971. The impact of man on the environment of Botswana. Botswana Notes and Records 3 91-110