Climate change seriously threatens sustainable development, poverty reduction and the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), particularly in Africa. The adverse impacts of climate change are already manifesting themselves on the continent in more frequent occurrences of climate events such as floods, droughts, and heat waves. The major concerns for Africa's key economic sectors with disastrous consequences include; a heightened threat of food security, inadequate water resource availability, degeneration in natural resources productivity, diminished biodiversity, decline in human health viability, increasing land degradation, increasing desertification, and coastal zone recession. Recent assessments have shown that the economic costs of climate Change in Africa are likely to be significantly higher in relative terms than in other regions of the world.