This document describes Namibia’s environment, desertification, land degradation and drought processes, and the threats to its land based agricultural production. The root causes of land degradation are explained, as are the different types of land degradation, which occur due to these root causes. These root causes have led to three main types of land degradation in Namibia - namely: I. Vegetation Degradation, a category that includes rangeland degradation, deforestation and degradation of dry forests and woodlands, II. Soil Degradation, a category that includes wind and water induced erosion of soils and the loss of soil fertility, and III. Water Degradation, which refers to the negative effect on water quantity and quality caused by unsustainable water resources management and changes in ecosystem function linked to DLDD.