The Okavango River has been central to the livelihoods of people in the region. This is reflected in the fact that the vast majority of the population continues to live along the Okavango River. The paper consist consists of two main sections. The first section deals with land tenure and land use and begins by situating Kavango Region within the Namibian context. This is followed by a sub-section on tenure and land use in Kavango specifically. Section 2 deals with policies related to land tenure and land use as well as the institutional environment in Kavango.