All collecting methods can be used if an inventory of the local fauna is the aim of a project. The application of a variety of methods should ensure that the entire fauna is covered and as many species as possible are collected. It was the goal of all collecting campaigns to get the complete spectrum of adult Lepidoptera species from each sample site during a visit. In general, day flying moth and butterflies were collected by using a conventional hand net. Night active moths were collected by operating different light sources. Incidentally found caterpillars and larvae (e.g. miners) were tried to breed. If it comes to comparisons of different localities it is necessary to apply a quantitative collecting technique and a standardised sampling protocol. Quantitative samples were obtained by using battery operated automatic light traps (Fig. 10-11). The trap was equipped with one 15 W superactinic light-tube (Philips TLD) and a photoelectric switch. Chloroform was used as killing agent. The traps were in operation over a 4 hours period after sunset. One, two or three traps per night were operated simultaneously. They were deployed at different sites of a locality or on a BIOTA Observatory. The disadvantage of this trap type is the short distance within which Lepidoptera are effectively attracted and the often poor quality of the sampled specimens. Therefore additional material was gathered by systematic collecting of an illuminated (160 Watt bulb) white sheet (Fig. 12-14). The lamp was powered by a Honda Ex 7 generator. A third method of light trapping was the use of a so called light-tower with 2 x 15 Watt super-actinic light-tubes (company F. Weber, Stuttgart). The tower was battery powered (Panasonic, 12 V, 10 Ah) and was in operation simultaneously with the light traps. The tower is a very mobile device (Fig. 15), and thus, was very useful for collecting in remote or special habitats. Especially Microlepidoptera can be effectively collected with the light tower.