The National Council of Societies for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (NSPCA) called for the removal of legislative red tape and an improvement in the judicial system when it came to captive animals. The NSPCA made a clarion call for specialised courts to handle wildlife cases and also to expedite cases in the judicial system, during a presentation to the Portfolio Committee on Forestry, Fisheries and Environment on Tuesday. Douglas Wolhuter, the National Chief Inspector and Manager NSPCA Wildlife Protection Unit said that in 2023 they advocated for no permits to be issued to new facilities, for a full audit of the lion farming industry, a moratorium on breeding and putting an end to lion bone stockpiles. He said that some of the challenges faced are a slow justice system and poor penalties for transgressors and that were many obstacles that they faced between January 2023 and June 2025. Wolhuter pointed out court prosecutions where the accused were found guilty and sentenced to a R4,000 fine or 12 months imprisonment, wholly suspended for 5 years, while another accused was sentenced to R5,000 fine or 10 months imprisonment, half of which is suspended for 5 years. He said that during inspections they found an opium factory, lion cubs discarded in rubbish dumps, illegally kept shark fins and unpermitted lion meet, high schedule drugs kept in the open and without a veterinarian on-site. The NSPCA is willing to partake in a co-ordinated inspection with the Department of Forestry, Fisheries and the Environment (DFFE) to carry out the required audits of the facilities. Wolhuter said the NSPCA already shares information with the compliance and enforcement department of the DFFE, and the information sharing must be a two-way street for effective compliance. "None of us can afford to allow the slow pace of getting the job at hand done," Wolhuter said. The NSPCA inspection statistics: 133 predator facility inspections in 2022; 64 Warnings issued; 10 Animal Welfare Notices issued; 75 captive lion facilities inspected in 2022. Some facilities have had multiple inspections due to non-compliance. 21 Warrants granted and enforced in 2022 only. 49 Warnings issued; 6 Notices issued; 23 lions euthanised; 4 Dockets Registered; 7 Dockets in total for lion farming; 1 Case in trial; 176 captive lion facilities inspected in 2 years.