Waterhole counts were undertaken at selected sites in the escarpment zone of north-west Namibia. In 2018,18 waterholes in 7 conservancies were counted but from 2019 onwards, the number of waterholes was increased to more than 25 covering 11 conservancies. Counts were undertaken over a period of 2, 3 or 4 days during which time all animals seen were counted. Game species differ in the frequency with which they need to visit water resources with some able to acquire much of their hydration needs through foraging. Waterhole counts are therefore best suited to species (like elephants) which need to make regular trips to water points. Estimates are calculated using the number of count days, and the drinking frequency of the species. They are crude estimates as they are influenced by several assumptions including drinking frequencies and independence of sightings. The value of waterhole counts over line transect counts for some species, is well illustrated opposite. In the same conservancies, many more black-faced impala, elephant, kudu and Hartmann's zebra were recorded in the waterhole count, compared to the transect count.