A synopsis of the lichen genus Xanthoparmelia (Vaino) Hale (Asomycotina, Parmeliaceae)
A world-level synopsis is presented for Xanthoparmelia with full synonymies, typification of all taxa, species descriptions, and keys. The genus is characterized by the presence of usnic acid in the cortex, a positive lichenin test, oil bodies in the rhizines, saxicolous or terricolous habit, uniform small ellipsoid colorless spores, and bifusiform or rarely cylindrical conidia. The lower surface is rhizinate except in a few species and brown or black. Cilia are lacking. The 406 species occur primarily in southern Africa (212) and Australia (145). Two new species are described; X. greytonensis Hale and X. kasachstania Hale. Four new combinations are made: X. mutabilis (Taylor) Hale, X. perplexa (Stizenberger) Hale, X. sigillata (Brusse) Hale, and X. verecunda (Bmsse) Hale. One new name is proposed: X. neopropaguloides Hale.
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A synopsis of the lichen genus Xanthoparmelia.pdf | 36.86 MB |