The main objectives of this study were to assess the vulnerability of Namibia's biodiversity and ecosystems to climate change, to assess the conomic implications of climate change-ascribed wildlife and biodiversity changes, and to envestigate feasible adaptation options, such as improving the effectiveness of the currrent protected area network in safeguarding wildlife populations and biodiversity under climate change, so that these areas continue to function optimally and be central to socio-economic growth and development in the country.