The study considered whether rhino added value to wildlife operations in state and private areas by evaluating revenue generating activities and costs associated with rhino in South Africa and Namibia. Hluhluwe-Imfolozi, a park run by the provincial conservation authority KwaZulu Natal Wildlife in South Africa, generates revenue by auctioning wildlife including live rhino. On average, between 2000 and 2005 these sales raised the equivalent of 60% of the park's conservation budget. However, this revenue does not accrue directly to the park, but enters the conservation authority's central budget. By contrast, Phinda is a private reserve in South Africa that has generated a net financial benefit of US$221,0411 through live sales of white rhino since 2002. Tourists at Phinda can participate in white rhino darting activities, and their fees are used to finance the process of inserting identification chips into their horns. Palmwag is a private sector Enterprise in Namibia where the central attraction for visitors is tracking desert rhino. This tourism experience directly finances conservation and monitoring activities undertaken by the Save the Rhino Trust, and is essentially the reason for the lodge's existence. The evaluation concluded that both black and white rhino provide a net benefit to both state and private protected areas through both consumptive and non-consumptive use.