This article provides an important example of management tools for community-based natural resource management (CBNRM). Most of southern Africa's CBNRM programmes depend on the sustainable management of wildlife and trophy hunting. Norman Rigava, Russell Taylor and Lilian Goredema, describe the development of participatory quota setting and its considerable power implications. The right of communities to set and allocate their own quotas, and their understanding of the biological and financial implications of wildlife management, is one of the cornerstones of effective CBNRM. Quota setting brings together a number of other natural resource management tools including animal counting, safari hunting management and resource monitoring. Keywords: CBNRM, conservation, policy, poverty, marketing, tourism, quota setting, revenue distribution, monitoring, mapping, theatre, finance, training.