Lead poisoning in mammalian and avian species is characterized by neurologic disturbances, gastrointestinal upset, hematologic abnormalities, immunosuppression, infertility, and renal disease. The nature of the clinical manifestations is influenced by the dose and duration of lead exposure. Chelation therapy, cathartics, thiamine administration, and sedation are common treatment methods. In food-producing species, treatment is discouraged because of food safety concerns, the prolonged treatment period, permanent degenerative damage, and a poor prognosis. Tissue analysis for lead supported by pathologic abnormalities is essential to confirm the diagnosis.