The predators of the Jackass Penguin Spheniscus demersus
Several possible predators, most important probably Kelp Gulls on surface nesting penguins. Man is no longer an important predator as access to the guano islands is controlled. Current name: African Penguin.
Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club
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The predators of the Jackass Penguin.pdf | 1.86 MB |