This review determined the current state of knowledge regarding the status, distribution and conflict with humans of all carnivore species known to have occurred historically within the Zambezi Basin. The review was carried out to start the process of determining what conservation priorities there are for this ecological region, to assist governments and other management institutions to more effectively conserve the overall biodiversity of the Basin. The review found that there were large areas within the protected area network where there was either no recent data, or limited data regarding the status, distribution and conflict with humans of carnivore species. There is an urgent need for these areas to be surveyed as the review found that there is likely to be important populations of carnivores present, when extrapolating from available data.