This paper provides an analysis of the implications of climate change for forests and rangelands in southern Africa. The extent of the resources and their economic and social functions and drivers of change is outlined. The vulnerability of the resources to climate change and adaptation needs and options for the SADC region are highlighted, as well as potential synergies with mitigation options. A summary of current national actions, country needs and potential areas of collaboration among countries in the region is provided to inform existing and future cooperative initiatives related to the adaptation of forests and rangelands to climate change.