Abundant remains of turtles have been found in the fluviatile deposits of the Sperrgebiet, western border of the Namib Desert, South-Western Namibia, and particularly in the localities Elisabethfeld and Langental, lower Miocene, already mentioned by Stromer (1926) for the presence of Chelonians. The turtles are continental, mostly terrestrial, and indicate a relatively dry and warm climate. The interests of the work are threefold. First, to describe and name the oldest known representative (lower Miocene) of the genus Pelomedusa, type of the family Pelomedusidae, a family known since the early Cretaceous of Niger, now widespread in Africa south of the Sahara and in Madagascar, and until now not known in the fossil state except in the latest Tertiary-Quaternary here the specimens are attributed to the extant P. subrufa. This genus is semi-terrestrial, semifresh-water and mainly carnivorous. Second, to figure the neotype of Namibchersus namaquensis (Stromer, 1926) selected, in accordance with the original author’s figure, following the destruction of the syntype in Münich during the last World War. The genus is the most abundant turtle in the Miocene of Namibia, so far the only country which has yielded it during this epoch. Third, to show the presence of small testudinid fragments, terrestrial and mainly herbivorous like the previous one, closer to Mesochersus from the Miocene of Southern Namibia; all these Testudinidae, which differ from extant forms, are considered to be related to the smallest African endemic testudinids.