Fishery stocks in Namibia are subject to pronounced natural fluctuations due the general instability of the oceanographic, biological environment and climate change. Some fish stocks can even break down completely for a period of time and changes in species composition can occur. Clearly, such variations have severe consequences for the fisheries sector and are an enormous challenge for fisheries management. With the exception of the Hake resource showing a relative abundance estimated around 1 million tons, the fish commercial species showed a decline of the biomass in 2010. More studies are needed on the fisheries stocks. Namibia has no important natural freshwater bodies and perennial rivers are found only in the southern and northern border areas and provide over 1 million hectares of floodplain wetland with fisheries potential. Freshwater aquaculture is therefore a challenge.