The Namib Desert which is the oldest in the world, was occasionally more humid during the Neogene than it is today as evidenced by the palaeontological record and geochemical analyses of fossil struthioniform eggshells and enamel of large mammals. The biochronological framework was established by comparison with other sites in Africa and on the basis of the fossil mammal remains, which allows the reconstruction of the broad environmental history of the area during the Neogene. Keywords: Namib Desert, Neogene, Palaeoenvironments, Africa, Geochemistry.