Myrothamnus flabellifolius Welw. and Myrothamnus moschatus Baill. comprise the Myrothamnaceae (dicots, Gunnerales). Both species can be found on rock outcrops either in southern Africa from Namibia to Angola and eastern South Africa to Kenya (M. flabellifolius) or endemic to Madagascar (M. moschatus) (Kubitzki et al. 1998). The Myrothamnaceae are exceptional because (a) they constitute two of only approx. 40 desiccation-tolerant dicots (Porembski 2011); the vast majority of the estimated 1 300 desiccation-tolerant vascular plants are monocots and pteridophytes (Porembski 2011).