Tolazoline as an antagonist in free-living lions immobilised with a ketamine-xylazine combination
A combination of ketamine at 8,0 mg/kg and xylazine at 3,2 mg/kg was found effective in immobilising lions (Panthera leo) for 4 hours. Ataxia and immobilisation were rapidly induced, with stable respiratory rate, heart rate and body temperature recorded. Tolazoline effectively antagonised xylazine via intravenous or intramuscular injection, resulting in a return to mobility within approximately 20 and 60 minutes, respectively. Tolazoline also elevated the respiratory rate. No mortalities occurred during 97 immobilisations of 76 lions.
Journal of the South African Veterinary Association
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