The Antarctic Oscillation (AAO) is the leading mode of atmospheric variability in the Southern Hemisphere mid- and high latitudes (south of 20°S). In this paper, the authors examine its statistical relationships with the major tropical climate signals at the intraseasonal and interannual time scales and their consequences on its potential influence on rainfall variability at regional scales. Keywords: Antarctic oscillation, Madden-Julian oscillation, ENSO, Rainfall, Climate change, Tropical climate, El Niño, La Niña, Coastal systems, Marine systems, Metrology.