This paper reviews current knowledge of the Namibian Dolichopodidae fauna, which now comprises 56 species and subspecies in 28 genera and six subfamilies : Diaphorinae, Dolichopodinae, Hydrophorinae, Medeterinae, Sciapodinae and Sympycninae - as represented in the Namibian National Insect Collection. A new species, Grootaertia skorpionensis Grichanov sp. n., is described and figured, based on material from the Succulent Karoo Biome in southern Namibia, and a key to all known species of the genus Grootaertia Grichanov is provided. An annotated checklist of known Namibian material is provided, and 13 species or subspecies are newly recorded from Namibia, namely: Acropsilus brevitalus (Parent), Amblypsilopus cilifrons (Parent), Bickeliolus trochanteralis (Curran), Dolichopus afroungulatus Grichanov, Grootaertia skorpionensis sp. n., Hercostomus argyropus argyropus (Loew), Medetera africana Africana Grichanov, M. otiose Parent, Pelastoneurus ambiguous Parent, P. micrurus Parent, Sympycnus discrepans Parent, Thinophilus imperialis (Curran) and T. maculates Parent.  Additional records of species from Botswana, Democratic Republic of Congo, Kenya, Madagascar and Zambia, are also provided. Three additional species, namely Asyndetus virgatus Curran, Chrysotus Inconspicuous Loew and Diaphorus lawrencei Curran are recorded from Botswana, and A. virgatus Curran from Zambia. One new synonym is proposed : Hydrophorus vaalensis Parent, 1954, syn. n. =Hydrophorus spinicornis Loew, 1858. Lectotypes and paralectotypes of Chrysotus inconspicuous Loew, 1858, and Hercostomus argyropus argyropus (Loew, 1858) are here designated to fix the current taxonomic concept. Keywords: Afrotropical, checklist, Dolichopodidae, identification key, Namibia, new species.