Nature-based solutions involve working with nature to address societal challenges while promoting human wellbeing and biodiversity. They can be classified as protection, sustainable management, restoration and creation, and carried out in a variety of settings from natural or semi-natural ecosystems, to farming and cultural landscapes, to highly transformed environments like built or semi-built areas. They target a variety of societal challenges - often simultaneously - including climate change adaptation and mitigation, social and economic development, water and food security, disaster risk reduction and environmental degradation. So, what is the problem? As nature-based solutions become increasingly popular in policy and practice, different groups - particularly in the Global South - are raising concerns about their misuse or misguided application. Worse still is that, despite any equitable intentions, many nature-based solutions still lead to inequitable outcomes, particularly at local scales, and particularly for the most vulnerable. These outcomes include negative impacts, fewer benefits, and less or limited participation, recognition and respect. In this book, we present a series of stories from Africa to illuminate the factors that constrain or enable social equity in nature-based solutions. These fictionalised stories are based on the experiences and reflections of researchers and practitioners, and bring local voices to the fore.