This chapter addresses soil protection from a Namibian and international law perspective. Especially in Africa we know that scarce land is more than a source of food security, income and shelter. It is also subject to distributive inequalities, often related to cultural identity. It is thus often a source of political and economic competition, tribal and social tension as well as historical, feudal, imperial, missionary or colonial injustices. Indeed, the most significant natural capital asset is productive land and fertile soils. For those communities that rely heavily on land as their main source, especially the rural poor, human well‐being and sustainable livelihoods are completely dependent upon and intricately linked to the health and productivity of the land. "Land is territory, property, a resource, our heritage, and much more. Land has economic, social and environmental value and, even when privately owned, it provides many benefits to society."