Abundant ichnofossils occur in the fluvio-paludal deposits of the Northern Sperrgebiet. There are three main categories comprising a) root systems of plants (predominantly rhizoliths), b) bioconstructions (mainly termite hives) and c) mammalian footprints (notably proboscidean foot prints). This paper describes these ichnofossils and interprets their implications for Miocene palaeoenvironments of the region.