Common names: Rüppell’s Horseshoe Bat (English), Rüppell se Saalneusvlermuis (Afrikaans). Distribution: This species has a broad, yet patchy distribution across sub-Saharan Africa, ranging from Senegal and The Gambia in West Africa to Ethiopia and Eritrea in the east, and then through East and southern Africa southwards as far as Namibia and the northeastern reaches of South Africa (Monadjem et al. 2010; Cotterill and Happold 2013; ACR 2015). Its distribution is likely to be more expansive than current records suggest (Cotterill and Happold 2013). For example, it has not yet been recorded from northeastern Botswana but is likely to occur there (Cotterill and Happold 2013). Two geographically isolated populations occur in the east and west of southern Africa: In the east, it occurs from northern South Africa through Zimbabwe, southern and eastern Zambia, southern Malawi, southern Democratic Republic of the Congo and central and northern Mozambique; while the western population occurs widely in central and northern Namibia and southwestern Angola (Monadjem et al. 2010). These two populations may be shown to be distinct species (Monadjem et al. 2010; Cotterill and Happold 2013).