Site fidelity and dispersal of juvenile and sexually mature adults was investigated at the largest southern African gannetry on Bird Island, Algoa Bay, where a minimum of 65000 airs occupy approximatel 2 ha at a mean density of 2,85 nests per m2. Based on 512 ring recoveries and live retraps of known-aged birds of this colony, immature and non-breeding adult gannets dispersed widely along the coasts o Africa, reaching Maputo Bay (southern Mozambique) on the eastern side of the continent and the Namibian Skeleton Coast on the western side. Very few birds flew farther. There were conspicuously few ring recoveries at 400–500 km straight-line distance east from Bird Island, corresponding with the Pondoland coast in Transkei. A similar drop was observed in the west for the Tsitsikamma coast and the stretch of coast from Cape St. Blaize to Cape Infanta. In these regions reporting by members of the public is presumed to be low. either because the rocky coast is inaccessible or because of socioeconomic reasons. The geographical spread of the ring recoveries suggested a possible range contraction of the species between the 1950's and the period 1978–1993 but the nature of the data prevented a test of this hypothesis. No evidence was found that gannets from Bird Island breed or roost at other southern African colonies as a matter of habit. On the contrary, all survivors of post-fledgling dispersal eventually returned to their native colony, where they exhibited pronounced fidelity to the site where they hatched from the egg. Based on multiple retraps of 862 known-age individuals, 71.7 % of young adults took over vacant sites in the immediate vicinity of their original nest, 8,1% moved once but were faithful to their new site and in 20,2% of all cases faithfulness to the original site could not be shown. Moreover, in subsequent years edge birds did not vacate their sites to move towards the center, refuting the hypothesis that fringes are physically inferior breeding sites.