After a long period of thoughtless or even deliberate destruction of game, there has been an intensive process of rethinking in S.W.Africa/Namibia in the last few decades. More and more farmers are now trying to preserve and increase the remaining game populations or even to re-introduce game which had become extinct in places by means of releasing animals bought alive. The main incentive for these efforts is the possibility of a sustained economic use of the game, made possible by changes in legislation: for local meat supply, by the sale of live game and venison, skins, horns etc., as well as by a very large game safari industry. All the forms of use taken together bring considerable economic and commercial values. To be accorded at least as much importance are the preservation or increase and geographical spread of the game populations thereby achieved and also the more caring use of the landscape (in contrast to be effect of keeping farm animals) and thus finally the continuing preservation of the natural ecosystem. The sustained game and hunting management of this country has, therefore, equally important economic and nature conservation aspects.