Wind energy facilities can have unintended negative impacts on avifauna, but many of these impacts can be avoided with careful planning and siting of the facility. For this reason, BirdLife South Africa and the Endangered Wildlife Trust (EWT) recommend that an objective, structured and scientifically rigorous impact assessment by an avifaunal specialist is included in the impact assessment for all proposed wind farms. These proposed terms of reference are in line with international best practice and are intended to set a minimum standard for impact assessment throughout the industry.