The livelihoods of the East Caprivi floodplain communities are based on a multi-pursuit strategy to maintain their economic and food security. Fishing is a valuable component of this approach, both for subsistence food and as an income generating resource. Presently, the community-fishing sector is in poor health and would appear to be unsustainable. The decrease in use of traditional methods and equipment and the growth ofthe fishing sector have increased the pressure upon the fish . resource. In addition, smaller floods during the 1990s have also proved detrimental to a healthy fishery, by having a critical impact on the regeneration of the fish stock. Heavy burning regimes to promote pasturage and overstocking of the floodplains in the dry season with cattle are causing damage to the environment and effecting the integrity of the ecosystem. The future of the fishery as viable economic pursuit or as a subsistence livelihood is dependant upon the implementation of management strategies regulating stock numbers, burning programmes, resource access and fishing techniques and equipment. The continued existence ofan angling based tourism industry to the area, and the maintenance ofthe important biodiversity in the region are also dependent upon and sustainable local-level fishery, and a healthy floodplain ecosystem. Keywords: Local-level resource use, multi-pursuit livelihood strategies, economics, sustainability, RAPFISH.