The Angolan sea is an important centre of marine biodiversity and biomass of zooplankton, fish, sea birds and marine mammals, and supports also an important reserve of oil and gas. Fishing resources are important sources of proteins and employment as well as a significant source of income of foreign currency. Angola has become in recent years a major producer and exporter of oil in Africa. The utilization of the resources can be negatively influenced if management options are not appropriately implemented. The knowledge of the ecosystem, the dynamic of the resources and the factors that have a negative impact on the environment is important to manage the ecosystem on a sustainable way.