An investigation was undertaken to establish the detritus input in the three (3) ecosystems around Gobabeb and the rate of litter decomposition across the microhabitats and key controls regulating decomposition rate in the Kuiseb River. Decomposition is the physical and chemical breakdown of detritus (i.e., dead plants, animal and microbial material). Decomposition causes a decrease in detrital mass, as materials are converted from dead organic matter into inorganic nutrients and C02. The rate of decomposition is controlled by many factors and this study highlighted these key components and recommendations on how to investigate the decomposition rate in arid temperate ecosystems. Keywords: Namibia, Namib Desert, Gobabeb, Kuiseb River, desert environment, arid environment, litter decomposition, detritus, ecosystem functioning, nutrient cycle food availability.