Earlier research on the parasites of wild animals in South Africa is reviewed and the findings of more recent research discussed. The life cycles of various gasterophilid and oestrid fly species are described and the seasonal abundance of their larvae in their zebra and antelope hosts is considered. The seasonal abundance of fleas, lice and ixodid ticks on their hosts is given and the role played by both small and large mammals and some birds in the maintenance of tick populations is described. Factors contributing to severe parasitism of wild animals are listed and the chemical and biological control of ectoparasites of wild animals are discussed.