African Penguins Spheniscus demersus disappeared from Neglectus Islet probably between 1885 and 1952. Visiting birds were only noted rarely before the mid 1990s, but since 1995 penguin numbers on the islet have increased and breeding was first confirmed in 2001. Neglectus Islet is the only formerly abandoned nesting locality to be recolonised by African Penguins in Namibia. Although the population is still very small (estimated at around 11 breeding pairs), the re-establishment of this breeding locality is important for the conservation of the African Penguin, which is considered to be Critically Endangered in Namibia. Keywords: African Penguin, Spheniscus demersus, breeding distribution, recolonisation.