Climatoceratids are stem giraffoid ruminants, most of them bearing multipointed or multibranched cranial appendages the nature of which has been actively debated. The climatoceratid appendage has been considered either as an ossicone or an antler-like, non-deciduous protuberance. Consequently its taxonomic status is not clear. One of the earliest known climacoceratids bearing cranial appendages is Orangemeryx hendeyi Morales, Soria and Pickford, 1999, described from the basal Middle Miocene deposits at Arrisdrift (Namibia).