Basal layers from Sturtian postglacial cap carbonate deposits of the Otavi Group, Namibia were studied using various spectroscopic methods in order to define their paleoenvironmental sedimentary conditions, as well as their presumptive micro-fossil record. Deposition of our sample set occurred in shallow water environments during the aftermath of the Sturtian "Snowball Earth" glaciation. Onion-like growth structures related to ironoxidizing bacteria and cyanobacteria were observed randomly in the interior of ooids and also within micritic matrix material. The Raman spectroscopic detection of various hydrocarbon phases contained in our samples strongly point to bacterial activity involved with sediments allocated to the immediate aftermath of Sturtian "Snowball Earth" glaciations. Backscattered electron imaging and cathodoluminescence microscopy of fine-grained detrital matrix material illustrate a variety of minerals, such as zircon, mica, feldspar, and apatite, all of which indicate detrital input derived from crystalline basement areas. Smectite around the ooids was most probably generated by diagenesis of iron-oxidizing bacterial films. Keywords: Sturtian glaciation, Neoproterozoic, ooid, oncolite, micro-Raman, cathodoluminescence, microbial record, cyanobacteria, iron-oxidizing bacteria, paleoenvironmental reconstruction.