Conflict between wildlife and the Namibian people is a significant and welldocumented problem. Human Wildlife Conflict (HWC) is particularly common in the Ehirovipuka and Omatendeka Conservancies, where elephants damage water installations and lions regularly prey on domestic livestock, and disrupt the lives of the local people. CBNRM programmes in Namibia, and the emergence of communal conservancies have contributed to growing wildlife populations. The increased numbers of wildlife, especially in the northwest, has benefited the growing tourism industry. However, considering the National benefits through tourism, local communities have to bear the costs of living with wildlife. These people generally receive no compensation for their losses, seldom share in the benefits, and generally receive little assistance in managing problems with wildlife. The philosophy of the CBNRM approach assumes that local communities will conserve wildlife, and bear the associated costs of living with these wildlife populations when the benefits they derive from the wildlife outweigh the costs. However, it is important to consider that individuals generally have to absorb the direct costs of HWC, whilst the community as a whole receive the benefits. The Ehirovipuka Conservancy, an area of 1,975 km2 , with 2500 inhabitants, was registered on 1 January 2001. Similar in size (1,619 km2 ) and approximate human population the Omatendeka Conservancy registered in March 2003. The two conservancies are located in the northwest of Namibia (Figure 1), and the Ehirovipuka Conservancy borders on Etosha National Park and Hobatere Concession (Figure 2). Human settlements and livestock are concentrated in the northern sections of both conservancies.