Two key attributes of biodiversity, species richness and endemism are documented, analysed and mapped for the indigenous spermatophyte plant taxa of Namibia. A provisional diversity map is presented and transitional zones were shown to be the most significant for species richness. Distribution maps of the majority of endemic species in Namibia are shown together for the first time. Combinations of these data were used to map the overall distribution of endemic taxa, localities where significant numbers of local endemics occur, as well as the species that can be found in taxon phytogeographic centres. Recurring patterns are evident and areas of high species concentrations are catalogued. This thesis has contributed to the knowledge of the large number of plant taxa for which Namibia is solely responsible, i.e. endemics restricted to within the political borders of Namibia. The mapping used an updateable, but permanent dataset on which future applications can be based. Examples of the uses of phytogeographic information proposed, include not only the traditional role in the identification of species in the herbarium, but also in creating a better basis for future policy especially in the development of land management strategies and conservation of Namibia's plant wealth.