Dominant approaches to wildlife utilisation in protected areas exclude local community participation. This results in conflict between protected areas and adjacent communities. The study assessed prospects of community participation in the Moremi Game Reserve area in Botswana. Data collection methods were a social survey among Ditshiping and Khwai residents, key informant interviews, and analysis of documents. It was found that local communities did not participate in the management of the Moremi Game Reserve. It is concluded that there are prospects for enhancing community participation in the Moremi Game Reserve area and other protected areas in Botswana. The Man and Boisphere framework could be used as a tool for enhancing community participation in the management of protected areas. Such an approach could reduce conflict, improve community sources of livelihoods, reduce government expenditure for protected area management and promote biodiversity conservation.